Universal electric turbocharger

Types of Universal Electric Turbochargers

A universal electric turbocharger is a forced induction device that is fitted into the internal combustion engine to increase its power output. It works by driving a compressor wheel that forces more air into the engine. The compressor wheel is driven by the turbine wheel, which is rotated by the flow of exhaust from the engine. The basic components of an electric turbo include an electric motor, compressor, and turbine.

The universal electric turbocharger eliminates the turbo lag experienced in traditional turbochargers. It is further divided into the following types:

• Electric Variable Turbine Control (EVTC)

  The Electric Variable Turbine Control (EVTC) utilizes a variable turbine geometry system that improves the efficiency and performance of the engine. It has adjustable turbine blades that change the direction of the exhaust flow hitting the turbine wheel. This helps to optimize the performance of the electric turbo by improving the response time and stability across a wide range of engine speeds.

• Electric Supercharger

  The electric supercharger is another type of universal electric turbo. Unlike the turbos above that are directly integrated with the internal combustion engine, the electric supercharger works independently. It compresses the air entering the engine's intake, boosting the air charge. The compressed air is then passed into the engine cylinders. The electric supercharger helps to improve low-end torque in the engine.

• Dual-Stage Turbocharging

  In a conventional dual-stage turbocharging system, two turbos are used in a single engine. One turbo is a high-pressure and the other a low-pressure unit. The universal electric turbocharger, however, integrates the two-stage compression into a single unit. The EVT and electric supercharger work together to provide high levels of compressed air. This ensures that enough air is achieved to meet the needs of high-performance engines.

Specification & Maintenance of Universal Electric Turbocharger

Specifications of universal electric turbos vary, but here are some common ones:

• Compressor Wheel

  The material and size of the compressor wheel are specified. The wheel is made from aluminum and can weigh between 3 and 5 ounces. Its diameter ranges from 3 to 5 inches. The wheel draws in air and spins to compress it before sending it to the engine.

• Turbine Wheel

  Like the compressor wheel, the turbine wheel is made from aluminum. It can weigh up to 5 ounces, with a diameter of about 4 inches. This wheel spins when exhaust gases flow over it, powering the compressor wheel.

• Electric Motor

  The specification includes the motor's power and efficiency. The motor typically has a power of around 100 watts or more. Its efficiency rating is between 85% and 95%. The motor drives the turbine and compressor wheels to increase the airflow to the engine.

• Battery Voltage

  The universal electric turbo requires a battery with a voltage of around 12 to 16 volts. This voltage powers the electric motor and other components of the turbocharger.

• Control System

  The specification of the control system includes its type and capabilities. The control system is usually an electronic controller. This controller manages the turbo speed and adjusts the boost pressure to optimize performance.

• Dimensions and Weight

  The size and weight of the universal electric turbos vary according to the model. Generally, the length is about 8 to 10 inches, with a width of 4 to 6 inches and a height of 3 to 5 inches. The weight is around 2 to 4 pounds. The dimensions and weight affect the installation and overall performance of the turbocharger.

• Cooling System

  Some models have an integrated cooling system, while others depend on the engine's cooling system. If a cooling system is integrated into the turbocharger, the specification will include its type and capacity.

Here are some maintenance requirements for universal turbos:

• 1. Regular Inspection: Every 30,000 miles, the entire turbocharger system, including the compressor and turbine wheels, should be examined for damage or wear and tear.
• 2. Cleaning: The compressor and turbine wheels need to be cleaned every 30,000 miles to eliminate any accumulated dirt or debris, which could impact their performance.
• 3. Oil Change: The oil in the turbocharger should be replaced every 6,000 miles to ensure it is clean and free from contaminants, lubricating the moving parts effectively.
• 4. Seal Replacement: Every 30,000 miles, all seals and gaskets in the turbocharger system must be inspected and replaced if necessary to avoid any leaks that could hinder performance.
• 5. Exhaust and Intake Inspection: The exhaust and intake systems should be examined for damage or leaks every 30,000 miles, as issues with these could impact the turbocharger's performance.
• 6. Wheel Inspection: Every 30,000 miles, the compressor and turbine wheels should be checked for any signs of damage, such as chips or cracks, which could affect their ability to spin properly.
• 7. Cooling System Inspection: The cooling system of the turbocharger should be examined every 30,000 miles to ensure it is functioning effectively, as overheating could cause damage to the turbo.
• 8. Boost Pressure Check: Every 30,000 miles, the boost pressure of the turbocharger should be measured to ensure it is within the specified range, as too much or too little pressure could impact engine performance.
• 9. Electrical Connection Inspection: The electrical connections of the turbocharger should be examined every 30,000 miles to ensure they are secure, as loose connections could lead to issues with the electric motor.
• 10. Variable Geometry Inspection: If applicable, the variable geometry mechanism of the turbocharger should be examined every 30,000 miles to ensure it is operating smoothly, as problems with this could affect boost efficiency.

How to Choose Universal Electric Turbocharger

With so many options available, it can be challenging to choose the right electric turbocharger for a specific car. Here are some tips to make the right choice:

• Consider the Kit Components

  When choosing a universal electric turbo kit, the components included in the kit should be considered. A standard kit should have an electric turbocharger, intercooler, blow-off valve, piping, and a control unit. With a functioning control unit, the electric motor in the turbo can be controlled. It ensures the turbo generates the right amount of boost for different engine speeds and loads. So, buyers should ensure the kit has a control unit for effective turbocharger operation.

• Look at the Electric Turbocharger Size

  The size of the electric turbocharger is also an important consideration. The standard measurement of a turbo is the compressor wheel. It ranges from 60 to 80 millimeters in most kits. A larger compressor wheel means more power and torque. However, a larger electric turbo may not fit in a small engine bay. It may also lead to turbo lag. On the other hand, a smaller compressor wheel will boost the engine's power slowly. It may lack the strength to push air through the engine effectively. Therefore, buyers should consider the electric turbocharger size based on their vehicle's engine size and compatibility.

• Check the Cooling System

  A proper cooling system is necessary when choosing a universal electric turbocharger. The turbo generates a lot of heat when compressing air. Without a cooling system, the compressed air may reach dangerous temperatures that can damage the engine. The cooling system in the electric turbocharger kit prevents this by using coolant to absorb the heat from the turbo and dissipating it through a radiator. When choosing a turbo kit, buyers should check whether the cooling system is working properly.

• Future Upgrades

  Buyers should consider future upgrades when choosing a suitable electric turbocharger. Will they add more modifications to the car in the future? If that's the case, they should choose a more powerful electric turbo to handle the increased power from the modifications. This ensures the turbocharger can work efficiently with the upgraded components.

How To DIY and Replace Universal Electric Turbochargers

Here is how to replace an electric turbocharger:

• Read the Manual

  The first step to replacing a universal electric turbo is understanding the manufacturer's instructions. Every vehicle is unique, and the manual gives specific details on how to handle the turbo for that vehicle. It also guides on which tools to use and what safety measures to take. With this guide, the replacement process becomes safer and more accurate.

• Disconnect the Battery

  Before starting, it's crucial to disconnect the battery. The battery powers many components under the hood. By disconnecting it, one can prevent any unintentional power surges or short circuits while working on the turbo. It acts as a safety barrier, protecting both the vehicle and the individual from possible electrical hazards.

• Remove the Old Turbo

  After ensuring safety, the next step is to take out the old turbo. This involves loosening and removing bolts, screws, or clamps that hold the turbo in place. One may also need to detach pipes connected to the turbo. Remembering how these parts were connected is essential, as they'll need to be reattached to the new turbo in the same manner. Taking pictures can help with this.

• Install the New Turbo

  The new turbo should be placed exactly where the old one was. It's vital to ensure a snug fit, as any gaps can cause air leaks, reducing the turbo's effectiveness. Then, carefully reattach all pipes and connectors, ensuring no loose ends. A loose pipe can lead to reduced turbo performance and potential engine issues.

• Reconnect the Battery

  After the new turbo is installed and all parts are reconnected, the next step is to reconnect the battery. This completes the replacement process. Now, the vehicle's electrical system is back online, and the engine should be checked to ensure the turbo is functioning correctly.

Q&A

Q1: Are there any maintenance practices for electric turbochargers?

A1: There are no specified maintenance practices for any universal electric turbochargers. However, it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions when using and maintaining the electric turbo. Proper maintenance of the engine and electric turbocharger will help the electric turbo last longer. Use premium quality engine oils and ensure the cooling system is in good condition to avoid excess heat. Also, avoid overloading the vehicle to reduce strain on the electric turbo.

Q2: Can any vehicle use an electric turbocharger?

A2: No, not all vehicles can use the electric turbochargers. Typically, the turbos are designed to be compatible with specific engines. However, modifications can be done to enable the electric turbo to work on any vehicle.

Q3: Does the vehicle's battery drain when using an electric turbocharger?

A3: The battery may drain when using the universal electric turbocharger, especially if it is not fully charged. The electric motor in the turbo uses power from the battery to operate, which can increase the load and reduce its charge. However, the electric turbo is designed to run for short bursts and does not significantly impact the battery.

Q4: How long does a turbocharger last?

A4: The universal electric turbocharger can last between 100,000 to 200,000 miles or more. However, the longevity of the turbocharger depends on several factors such as driving habits, engine condition, and proper maintenance.